03.32
ridwan baihaqi
This atomic bomb to kill as many as 140,000 people in Hiroshima and 80,000 in Nagasaki by the end of 1945. Since then, thousands have died from injuries or illness related to the radiation released by the bomb. In both cities, the majority of those killed were residents.
Six days after the dropping of atomic bombs on Nagasaki, on August 15, Japan announced that Japan surrendered unconditionally to the Allies, signed the instrument of surrender on September 2, officially ending the Pacific War and World War II. (Germany had signed the surrender on May 7, 1945, ending the European theater.) Bombing of Japan after the war was made to adopt Three Non-Nuclear Principles, forbidding that country has nuclear weapons.
American bombing of two major cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6, 1945 is a historical event that made the trauma of the world community today. Bombardment using the Atomic Bomb is remembered as a great history of war and the suffering of the people of Japan for the mistakes of two warring camps maintain their political principles. Atomic bombs have meluluh lantakkan the two cities to have suffered long from generation to generation due to radiation chemistry is revealed through genetics. The bombing resulted in the destruction of a uniform in the area. In Documentation of the Discovery Channel film depicting the sufferings of the people of two cities hit by bomb power between 15,000 and 20,000 tons of TNT. which killed 140,000 people in Hiroshima and 80,000 in Nagasaki, it was all done by the American Allies et al. with a reason to silence the imperial Japanese army are known to be very heroic, driven and loyal to the emperor, Japan finally surrendered to the Allies 6 days after the atomic bomb dropped right on August 15, 1945 that its independent Indonesia was followed two days later, which according to some people is a gift of an ally.
Atomic bombs are dropped on Hiroshima (6 August) on named "little boy" which means little boy, and that was dropped on Nagasaki (August 9) in the name the "fat man" or the fat man. Bomb bomb dropped from an airplane B-29 Flying Superfortress named Enola Gay (strange name) piloted by Lieutenant Colonel. Paul W. Tibbets, of about 9450 m altitude (31,000 feet). This weapon is exploded at 8:15 am (Japan time) when he reached an altitude of 550 meters. To drop this bomb planes was flying quite high and using special google (special eye protection) anti-radiation, in a documentary I saw, the bombers have pressure (pressure) the soul is very large because it would impose powerful bomb into the middle of residential , but they keep doing it for the sake of the nation task. there is an event that captured a moment there when the bomb was dropped
"A bright light that meets the plane," wrote Tebbits. "We turned the plane back to look at Hiroshima. The city was hidden by that awful cloud ... boiling, fluffy mushroom-shaped. "After that, a few moments no one spoke. But next, everyone is talking. "Look at that! Look at that! Look at that ... ..! "Exclaimed the co-pilot Robert Lewis, pounding Tibbets's shoulder. Lewis said he could feel the atomic fission - the process that occurs when the atomic bomb exploded. It felt like lead. He then turned to writing in his notes. "God," she asked herself, "What have we done?"
It appears that devastated the city of Hiroshima flattened
The task given to them they are involved dropping any bombs it is the task of the state even had to kill hundreds of thousands of lives, well that's war, the Allies used it to silence the Japanese imperial army who teamed up with German Axis forces led by Adolf Hitler and Italian Facism led by Mussolini.
This boy littel bomb dropped on Hiroshima (Mk I "Little Boy" has a length of 3 m, width 71 cm, and weighs 4000 kg. The design uses a gun to blow up the rules of sub-critical mass of uranium-235 and three U-235 targets simultaneously ring to become super-critical mass, leading nuclear chain reaction. He's made up of 60 kg U-235, in which 0.7 kg experienced fission reaction. Uranium enriched in the giant factories at Oak Ridge, Tennessee during the Manhattan Project)
And this is the bomb fat man, as the name implies, this type of bomb-Mk IV looks fat.
Fat Man is the codename of the nuclear bombs the U.S. dropped on Nagasaki, Japan on August 9, 1945. At that Fat Man was the second nuclear bomb used in warfare and man-made nuclear explosion is the third. Aircraft assigned to carry a bomb of this type of plutonium is a B-29 with a password bockscar The piloted by Maj. Charles W. Sweeney, The length of this bomb 31 / 4 meter with a diameter 1 1 / 2 feet and weighs 4 1 / 2 ton
This is the figure of the plane "cursed", the B-29. Is a model plane made by Boeing 345 aircraft which is the largest bomber who is owned by the United States Air Force during World War II
Shortly after the drop and the bomb exploded, B-29 bomber plane was vibrating very great. While the 10,000 meters below them, the Hiroshima shattered by the devastating earthquake and 4,000 degrees Celsius heat wave. Of humans burning heat, nuclear radiation stung dead on the spot. recorded in addition to the death toll above, a few years later, 200,000 people have died because of illness following the illnesses caused by radiation, burns and high-stage leukemia and other diseases are still a lot of his illness. Impact of radioactive reached 20 miles from the location of the bomb.
In general, the atomic bomb was first discovered by German scientists in their laboratories hidden in the area of Norsk Hydro, Norway. but this is thwarted by the guerrillas Norwegian anti-Nazi Germans. with the sabotage of equipment and supplies of heavy water (deuterium). Since that time the American had raced to launch the Manhattan Project, conducted by a team of scientists refugees, which is none other than J. Robert Oppenheimer, Albert Einstein, Leo Szilard, Edward Teller & Eugene Wigner.
They were given a special place that is withheld in the area of New Mexico, specifically the Los Alamos National Laboratory, Alamogordo - New Mexico. Their experiment that works is the name of the Trinity atomic bomb with explosive power equivalent to 5 kilotons of TNT, smaller than the Little Boy bomb dropped on Hiroshima that had explosive power equivalent to 13 kilotons of TNT.
As a result of this experiment the scientists immediately remarked and rejected the use of these bombs to be used. due to the destruction of a very terrible than any weapon. Yet America remains determined to use these bombs to munculah 2 brothers spreader radiation that is Little Boy dropped on Hiroshima and Fat Man dropped on Nagasaki.
Paul Warfield Tibbets Jr. was. who were given orders to form a special group with the power of a bomber squadron of B-29 Superfortress that has been modified. The group was stationed at Tinian Island in an area of Kep. Mariana. On D-day on August 6, 1945 the first bomb exploded in the city of Hiroshima with a population of around 350,000 people (at the time), to cause the victim to 250,000 people died and the rest were wounded.
Actually there are more than 10 cities that became a candidate target of an atomic bomb attack, but because the average city has many temples in Japan, the U.S. spent a lot of the city from the list of targets chosen is atom.Akhirnya bomb Hiroshima and Nagasaki which incidentally is the city- Japanese industrial town that supplies military equipment. Which includes priority targets that are consecutive: Kyoto, Hiroshima, Yokohama and Kokura. These cities are industrial and military centers. But Kyoto was replaced by Nagasaki.
On the first day (August 5), Hiroshima is the first target. If the weather is not possible, the second option is the third Kokura and Nagasaki. Hiroshima is a major industrial city which is also the center of the second division of the Japanese soldiers in charge of operations in southern Japan and central military communications and supply armies. While the port city of Nagasaki was made where Japanese ships, including warships, equipment and supplynya. Without any atomic bomb, the two cities are in U.S. attack plans.
Actually, in early 1945, the Japanese part of Japan officials are tired of war as well, and advised the emperor of Japan to stop, but the emperor did not approve it. Even to the atomic bomb was dropped, Japan was not entirely give up because some officials wanted the Japanese to fight to the death last. However this is not happening because eventually the emperor intervened and agreed to surrender unconditionally.
Various reasons Americans dropped atomic bombs on Japan.
* To end the war immediately. Unusual fatigue caused after the war in Europe. Japan's own party, although aware of nearby allies, Germany has been defeated but not remove the sign - a sign of surrender easily (they are ready berkamikaze) are considered to be carrying far more casualties on both sides. Kamikaze effect is really - really makes America overwhelmed. For example in the battle of Iwo Jima where about 5,000 Japanese troops invaded the U.S. marine who was eventually banzai charge (there is a carry samurai, there is an empty hand) towards the marine forces, only to cut down a machine gun. In fact, America has been preparing for Operation Olympic guard - guard, if and only if Japan did not surrender after the Atomic bomb. Initially there were plans Operation Olympic, which is a plan to attack the main islands in Japan. At that time U.S. intelligence estimates that Japan has a strength of about 7-9 million soldiers. By considering the nature of the Japanese soldiers who fight to the last breath, the U.S. realized that they would fight very unusual to be able to end the war in the Pacific, ie until all the Japanese troops perished, like the battle at Iwo Jima and others. And it will take a long time and returning casualties very much for the U.S. alone.
* Truman was also motivated to suppress the Stalin / Soviet bluff. However, this analysis was never proven in practice. At that time, the U.S. and the Soviet bloc was still incorporated in the Allies against the Axis block, and the atmosphere has been no hostilities or hostilities between the U.S. and the Soviets. Moreover, by dropping atomic bombs on Japan, it is precisely instead of the Soviet bluff, but instead becomes a catalyst for an arms race between the U.S. and the Soviets. The Soviets learned that the U.S. has nuclear weapons, so the Soviets tried with everything in his power to make it as well. 1948's, the Soviets have nuclear weapons - only three years ago after the U.S. dropped atomic bombs on Japan.
* Prevent divided her Japanese-like division of Germany. But the reason is rather weak, because the Soviets had just declared war on August 8, 1945, and although perhaps for fear of the Japanese invaded the Soviet Union, it is somewhat more difficult. Why? Because to get to Japan, the Soviets must conquer Manchuria and eastern Asia to fight once ran away to get to Japan. And it will take a long time.
* To reply to the Pearl Harbour incident. From Japan to the U.S. attack on Pearl Harbor that dragged the U.S. into World War II, the U.S. already had plans to return to the Japanese attack, and that's one reason the U.S. is engaged Pacific War. But the results of U.S. intelligence and military reports generate option is to use the atomic bomb because it is considered an attack on Japan will take time, cost and casualties are much more when many countries are tired of war. Civilian casualties will fall even more if the Allies actually running attack to Japan.
That is the point of reason allies, while the Japanese side alone there is an irony that occurs. Dated July 26, 1945 the Allies broadcast the results of the Potsdam Declaration stated that the Japanese surrendered in World War II, that will not be attacked. At that time, the Japanese government is also receiving pressure from the people who loudly demanded the declaration. In addition, the government is also awaiting action that the Soviet Union did not invade Japan remained neutral.
The next day, Prime Minister of Japan, Suzuki Kantarou, held a speech on state radio broadcast to all corners of the earth. His speech reads, "Seifu wa kore o mokusatsu shi, I made sensou kanchiku maishin ni suru." Doumei news agency translates into "Government is Ignoring the declaration and until then We still go forward with the war solution." The U.S. government is expected to hear " Ignoring "the same as" rejecting "and 10 days later dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima that resulted in Japan finally surrendered to the Allies.
Problematic word is "mokusatsu". A linguist working in the field of translation errors, Torikai Kumiko, said that the true sense and fits the "give it the silent treatment" which means the Japanese government will stand by and wait for the Soviet Union's actions. If we take the silver lining, it means that translation errors have been menbuat world history. It also affects the independence of Indonesia. If this does not happen, Japan would not surrender to the allies and Indonesia remained colonized. In addition to casualties and material, a lot of losses suffered by the Japanese Atomic bomb. Until now, even the Atomic bomb victims not only in Japan but has spread all over the world with a disease called leukemia or blood cancer.
Figure A-bomb victims of Hiroshima - Nagasaki
At the time of the bombing, U.S. President Harry S Trumman announced its passing the USS Augusta from the middle of the Atlantic waters and said that the device (bomb) 2,000 times more powerful than any bomb explosion upstream ever used / was in that era, and the election Hiroshima city on the grounds that the city is one of the important depot for the supplier of the Japanese empire army warfare devices.
A few years ago ago, some of the bombers, either during the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor or the current American bombing of Hiroshima Nagasaki Atomic met in a reunion, they bermaaf each other's forgiveness and express resentment and regret over what they do in the name of nationality and nationalism, patriotism and expressed sorry for being such a bad part in a history of the massacre. There is no animosity between them, they talk to each other heart to heart as he recalled the dark days of their youth when some time ago when it struggled to defend their respective nations.
The actor Paul Tibbets, who is a pilot died when the bomber wanted to be cremated and buried his corpse in a grave not bernisan, for reasons that are not in ziarahi by activists of anti use of nuclear weapons.
Today we fear is not to place third world war. why? because if that happens as there are many estimates that over the years, most likely the U.S. will use nuclear weapons is greater than the upper explosive dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki ago. Surely if it happens the world will truly devastated by the greed of war, and indirectly the human will create its own end of the world. WAR OF THE Horror! Win lose so charcoal ashes
Now, the city of Hiroshima and Nagasaki had risen from suffering the horrors of war during silamnya, Japan is a country which quickly recovered and got up (although Japan itself is our colonizers), the Kobe earthquake that devastated Kobe and destroyed the city has now been transformed into a metropolis. In any war makes many people suffer, Let's Fight Against War!
Here Crew crew B-29 Superfortress involved in the bombing:
* Crew Enola Gay (Hiroshima bomber): Colonel Paul W. Tibbets (pilot), Maj.RobertA.Lewis (copilot), Ted Van Kirk (navigator), Marine Col. William S. Parsons (which activate the bomb before it was dropped), Capt. Thomas W. Frebee (interpreters shutter / release bombs), Sgt Bob Caron (defender back of the plane's tail to keep the possibility of Japanese fighter attacks)
* Crew Bockscar (Nagasaki bomber): Major Charles W. Sweeney (as pilot), Captain Charles Albury (copilot), Captain James Van Pelt (navigator), Capt. Kermit Beahan (bomber), SSgt Ray Gallagher (gunner / sniper), SSgt Edward Buckley (radar operator) Sergeant Abe Spitzer (radio operator ), Sgt Albert DeHart (gunner / defender the tail)
Nagasaki
Nagasaki (长崎 市;-shi) is the capital and largest city of Nagasaki Prefecture, located on the southwest coast of Kyushu, Japan. Its geographical location is 32 ° 44 'N 129 ° 52' East Longitude. Nagasaki was the center of European influence in medieval Japan. Nagasaki City which is a port city in Japan is a city that is not isolated at the time of Japan's political apply Isolation (SAKKOKU). European influence is also very visible with the rapid development of Christianity in the city of Nagasaki of the era and the many historic relics of the church buildings are still preserved to this day and serve as a tourist attraction.
Nagaski city is also the second city in which the atomic bomb was dropped by the United States in World War II. In this city also built the Atomic Bomb Museum Nagasaki (Nagasaki Genbaku Shiryoukan) as a symbol of warning to the Japanese nation and all visitors of the dangers and suffering caused by the atomic bomb that was detonated in the city.
Nagasaki lies at the end of a long bay which forms the best natural harbor on the southern Japanese island of Kyushu. The main commercial area and residential areas in the city is situated on a small plateau near the end of the bay. Two rivers are cleaved by a mountain valley into two main areas where the city is located. Downtown area is limited by the "terrain" no more than 4 square miles of a total of about 35 square miles of this city as a whole. In 2003, the city has a population of 418,901 people and a population density of 1736.74 persons per km ². The total area is 241.20 km ² in total.
Hiroshima
Hiroshima (広 島 市, Hiroshima-shi) is a city in Japan, exactly in the western part of Hiroshima Prefecture, southern part of Chugoku region, the southwestern island of Honshu. In the ancient capital of Aki province and is now the capital of Hiroshima Prefecture. Hiroshima is a port city on the shores of the Seto Inland Sea is known as a center of textile and rubber goods. The city was founded in the 16th century as a castle town in the delta of the River Ota.
Hiroshima was a city of the world's first atomic bomb ever imposed at the end of World War II, August 6, 1945. Now, the world-famous Hiroshima as a city of peace. Hiroshima Peace Monument (Genbaku Dome) is located in downtown Hiroshima.Hiroshima literally means "wide island." At that time the palace was founded in the middle of the island (land) most widely in the middle of the river delta. The name "Hiroshima" may be derived from the names of the characters that were once founded the city of Hiroshima. "Hiro" is taken from the name of Oe Hiromoto (Mori clan ancestors), while "shima" is taken from the name of Fukushima Motonaga who led the construction of the palace.
Hiroshima is a major city in the Chugoku region. In the Edo period, Hiroshima is a city around the palace for Han Hiroshima. Since the Meiji period until the end of World War II, Hiroshima is an industrial center of military and logistical support for the war. Among the products the pride of the city of Hiroshima is the Mazda car, brand Calbee snacks and sauces brands Otafuku. Baseball team is the pride of the town of Hiroshima Hiroshima Carp. The team had won the Central League champion 6 times and 3 times the Japan Series.
Warning 63 Year
When the world's attention drawn to the excitement of the Beijing Olympics, the Japanese people, especially Nagasaki, it commemorates the tragedy of the atomic bomb in Nagasaki City, while continuing to remind the principle of the country who oppose the use of nuclear weapons in the world. At least 5400 citizens of the city, along with other anti-nuclear investigators from eight countries, including Russia, took part in a ceremony that lasted one hour on the page Peace Park, Nagasaki, on Saturday, Kyodo News Agency reported.
Japanese PM Yasuo Fukuda, who just follow the opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympics, was seen again in Nagasaki for mengkikuti ucapara warning that the tragedy of the atomic bomb-63. Activities appropriate moment of silence began at 11:02 (local time), when the bomber B-29, belonging to the United States Air Force (U.S.), dropped the atomic bomb to the city of Nagasaki on August 9, 1945. Until late 1945, the death toll from the deadly bombing reaches 74 000 people.
Three days earlier, a similar warning is also held in the city of Hiroshima, which was destroyed earlier due to the atomic bomb. Six days after the Nagasaki, Japan surrendered and World War II berkahirlah. PM Fukuda in his speech reaffirmed the principles of Japanese oppose the use of nuclear weapons, with no co-produced nor have a nuclear weapon.
Until the evening many residents of Nagasaki who visited the Nagasaki atomic bomb memorial, both to deliver a bouquet of flowers or praying for world peace. Nagasaki Mayor Taue Tumihisa, urged countries that have nuclear power to destroy its nuclear weapons, while citing the petition ever presented former U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger and other former high officials. On that occasion also read out the declaration of peace to the world about the importance of the presence of a world without nuclear weapons. After the ceremony, Fukuda took time to dialogue with the victims of the atomic bomb, as well as he did in Hiroshima. Fukuda listen more the desire of the victims. The number of atomic bomb survivors who are still alive until now there were 243,692 people (as of March 31, 2008), with an average age of 75 years. As for Nagasaki, until this year amounted to 145,984 people.
Nominated to host the Olympic Games
Hiroshima and Nagasaki, two cities in Japan, on Sunday said they were considering to run together in order to host the 2020 Olympics, along with a campaign to promote a nuclear-free world. Both the town, rebuilt after the rubble caused by the atomic bomb the United States in the last days of World War II, said they would form a committee to study the possibility of a joint bid.
Mayor of Hiroshima, Tadatoshi Akiba, a major supporter of nuclear disarmament and has called for a world free of atomic weapons in 2020, has previously said he wanted the city to host the Olympics in the name of world peace. "We have destroyed the purpose of nuclear weapons in 2020. When we
Posted in: History
0 komentar:
Posting Komentar