Specification F-22 Raptor

F-22 Raptor stealth fighter is made ​​in the United States. The aircraft was originally planned to be used as air superiority fighter for fighter aircraft used against the Soviet Union, but the aircraft is equipped for ground attack, electronic warfare and signals intelligence. This aircraft through a long period of development, prototype versions were named YF-22, three years before it was officially adopted named F/A-22, and eventually was named the F-22A when it officially came into use in December 2005. Lockheed Martin Aeronautics is the prime contractor responsible for producing most of the airframe, armament, and the assembly of the F-22. Then his partner, Boeing Integrated Defense Systems manufactures the wings, avionics equipment, and pilot training and maintenance.



History
Advanced Tactical Fighter (ATF) is a contract for the demonstration and validation program that made ​​the United States Air Force to develop a new generation air superiority fighter to face threats from outside the United States, including the development of the Su-27 aircraft-grade Soviet era.
In 1981, the United States Air Force to map the requirements to be met a new fighter aircraft that is planned to replace the F-15 Eagle. ATF planned to integrate modern technology such as advanced metal and composite materials, advanced control systems, high-powered propulsion systems, and stealth aircraft technology.
Proposals for the contract was filed in 1986, by two contractor teams, namely the Lockheed-Boeing-General Dynamics and Northrop-McDonnell Douglas, which was elected in October 1986 for the demonstration and validation phase for 50 months, which eventually produced two prototypes, the YF -22 and the YF-23.
The aircraft is planned to be the most advanced U.S. aircraft at the beginning of the 21st century, therefore, this aircraft is the most expensive fighter aircraft, at a price of U.S. $ 120 million per unit, or U.S. $ 361 million per unit when added to the cost of development. In April 2005, the total development cost of this program is U.S. $ 70 billion, causing the number of aircraft planned to be made down to 438, then 381, and now 180, from the initial plan of 750 aircraft. One of the factors causing this reduction is due to the F-35 Lightning II will have the same technology as the F-22, but with a cheaper unit price.


YF-22 'Lightning II'
YF-22 is a plane development is the basis for the manufacture of the F-22 production version. However, there are some significant differences between the two, ie changes in the position of the cockpit, structural changes, and many other small changes. Both aircraft are often confused in the photographs, usually at the point of view that it is difficult to see certain features. YF-22 Lighting II are given nicknames by Lockheed, this name lasted until the mid-1990s. For some time, this aircraft was also given the nickname SuperStar and Rapier. But the F-35 then officially got the name Lighting II on July 7, 2006
YF-22 ATF awarded after winning a competition to fly to beat Northrop YF-23 made ​​by McDonnell-Douglas. In April 2002, at the time of testing, the first YF-22 prototype crashed while landing at Edwards Air Force Base in California. The test pilot, Tom Morgenfeld, was not injured. The cause of this fall is a fault in the software.

movement
Dual turbofan engines Pratt & Whitney F119-PW-100 F-22 has the ability to push the power steering. Steering can adjust the rotation axis pitch to about 20 °. Maximum engine thrust is still a secret, but estimated about 35,000 lbf (156 kN) per turbofan. The maximum speed of the aircraft is estimated at about Mach 1.2 when the supercruise without external weapons. With afterburners, according to Lockheed Martin, its speed "more than Mach 2.0" (2120 km / h).
F-22 also can maneuver very well at supersonic and subsonic speeds. The use of steering thrust can make a sharp turn, and perform extreme maneuvers such as the Herbst maneuver, Pugachev Cobra, and Kulbit. F-22 can also maintain a constant attack angle greater than 60 °. Altitude also affects attacks fly. In military exercises in Alaska in June 2006, the F-22 pilots said that the ability to fly at higher altitudes than the other aircraft is one of the determinants of the F-22 victory in the exercise.


APG-77 radar-1A used by the F-22.
F-22 uses AN/APG-77 AESA radar designed for the operation of air superiority and ground attack, which is difficult to detect aircraft opponent, using an active aperture, and can track several targets at once in any weather. AN/APG-77 change frequency 1,000 times every second, making it also very difficult to trace. The radar can also focus the emission of the sensor opponent, the opponent makes the plane to crash.
The information on this radar is processed by two Raytheon processors, each of which can perform 10.5 billion operations per second, and has 300 megabytes of memory. The software on the F-22 consists of 1.7 million lines of code, most of which are captured radar data processing. The radar has a range of about 125-150 miles, and is planned to be updated with the maximum distance of 250 miles.
F-22 has several unique functions for an aircraft its size. Among others, these aircraft have the capability of detection and identification of an enemy that is almost equivalent to the RC-135 Rivet Joint Capabilities "mini-AWACS" This makes the F-22 is very useful in the forefront. This could indicate a target aircraft to aircraft F-15 and F-16, and can even find out what aircraft airplane friend was targeted, so a friend can make the plane do not pursue the same target
Used aircraft data bus, named MIL-STD-1394b, which is designed specifically for the F-22. Bus system was developed from a commercial system FireWire (IEEE-1394), which was created by Apple and is often found on Apple Macintosh computers. Data bus system will also be used on fighter aircraft F-35 Lightning II

armament
F-22 is designed to carry air-to-air missiles are stored internally in the fuselage so as not to interfere with the ability silumannya. Missile launch was preceded by opening the valve arms and missiles is driven downward by a hydraulic system. This aircraft could also carry bombs such as Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) and Small-Diameter Bomb (SDB) is more recent. In addition to internal storage, this aircraft can also carry weapons on four external points, but if it is used will greatly reduce the ability of stealth, speed, and agility. For backup guns, F-22 carrying automatic cannon M61A2 Vulcan 20 mm stored in the right side of the aircraft, the gun was carrying 480 rounds, and will be discharged if fired continuously for about five seconds. Nevertheless, the F-22 can use this gun when the fight without being detected, which will be needed when the missile is up.


general characteristics

     * Crew: 1
     * Length: 62 feet 1 in. (18.90 m)
     * Wingspan: 44 ft 6 in (13.56 m)
     * Height: 16 ft 8 in (5.08 m)
     * Wing area: 840 ft ² (78.04 m²)
     * Airfoil: NACA 64A? 05.92 root, NACA 64A? 04.29 tip
     * Empty weight: 31,670 lb (14,365 kg)
     * Weight loaded: 55,352 lb (25,107 kg)
     * Maximum takeoff weight: 80,000 lb (36,288 kg)
     * Engine: 2 × Pratt & Whitney F119-PW-100 turbofan thrust pitch steering, 35,000 lb (155.7 kN) each

performance

     * Maximum speed: ≈ Mach 2.42 (2575 km / h) at altituda / high altitude
     * Cruise speed: Mach 1.72 (1825 km / h) at altituda / high altitude
     * Distance coverage Ferry: 2,000 mi (1738 nm, 3219 km)
     * Roofing service: 65,000 feet (19,812 m)
     * Rate of climb: a secret (not generally known)
     * Expenses wing: 66 lb / ft ² (322 kg / m²)
     * Thrust / weight: 1.26
     * Maximum g-load: -3 / +9 g

armament

     * Cannon: 1 × 20 mm (0.787 in) M61A2 Vulcan gatling gun at the base of the left wing, 480 rounds of ammunition
     * Air to Air:

     * 6 × AIM-120 AMRAAM
     * 2 × AIM-9 Sidewinder

     * Air to ground:

     * 2 × AIM-120 AMRAAM and
     * 2 × AIM-9 Sidewinder and one of:
           o 2 × 1000 lb JDAM or
           o Wind Corrected Munitions 2 × Dispensers (WCMDs) or
           o 8 × 250 lb GBU-39 Small Diameter Bomb

Posted in: History